Biography of Jacques Cartier, Early Explorer of Canada

Jacques Cartier (December 31, 1491–September 1, 1557) was a French navigator sent by French King Francis I to the New World to find gold and diamonds and a new route to Asia. Cartier explored what became known as Newfoundland, the Magdalen Islands, Prince Edward Island, and the Gaspà © Peninsula, and was the first explorer to map the St. Lawrence River. He claimed what is now Canada for France. Fast Facts: Jacques Cartier Known For: French explorer who gave Canada its nameBorn: Dec. 31, 1491 in Saint-Malo, Brittany, FranceDied: Sept. 1, 1557 in Saint-MaloSpouse: Marie-Catherine des Granches Early Life Jacques Cartier was born on Dec. 31, 1491, in Saint-Malo, a historic French port on the coast of the English Channel. Cartier began to sail as a young man and earned a reputation as a highly-skilled navigator, a talent that would come in handy during his voyages across the Atlantic Ocean. He apparently made at least one voyage to the New World, exploring Brazil, before he led his three major North American voyages. These voyages—all to the St. Lawrence region of what is now Canada—came in 1534, 1535–1536, and 1541–1542. First Voyage In 1534 King  Francis I  of France decided to send an expedition to explore the so-called northern lands of the New World. Francis was hoping the expedition would find precious metals, jewels, spices, and a passage to Asia. Cartier was selected for the commission. With two ships and 61 crewmen, Cartier arrived off the barren shores of Newfoundland just 20 days after setting sail. He wrote, I am rather inclined to believe that this is the land God gave to Cain. The expedition entered what is today known as the Gulf of St. Lawrence by the Strait of Belle Isle, went south along the Magdalen Islands, and reached what are now the provinces of Prince Edward Island and New Brunswick. Going north to the Gaspà © peninsula, he met several hundred Iroquois from their village of Stadacona (now Quebec City), who were there to fish and hunt for seals. He planted a cross on the peninsula to claim the area for France, although he told Chief Donnacona it was just a landmark. The expedition captured two of Chief Donnaconas sons, Domagaya and Taignoagny, to take along as prisoners. They went through the strait separating Anticosti Island from the north shore but did not discover the St. Lawrence River before returning to France. Second Voyage Cartier set out on a larger expedition the next year, with 110 men and three ships adapted for river navigation. Donnaconas sons had told Cartier about the St. Lawrence River and the â€Å"Kingdom of the Saguenay† in an effort, no doubt, to get a trip home, and those became the objectives of the second voyage. The two former captives served as guides for this expedition. After a long sea crossing, the ships entered the Gulf of St. Lawrence and then went up the Canada River, later named the St. Lawrence River. Guided to Stadacona, the expedition decided to spend the winter there. But before winter set in, they traveled up the river to Hochelaga, the site of present-day Montreal. (The name Montreal comes from Mount Royal, a nearby mountain Cartier named for the King of France.) Returning to Stadacona, they faced deteriorating relations with the natives and a severe winter. Nearly a quarter of the crew died of scurvy, although Domagaya saved many men with a remedy made from evergreen bark and twigs. Tensions grew by spring, however, and the French feared being attacked. They seized 12 hostages, including Donnacona, Domagaya, and Taignoagny, and fled for home. Third Voyage Because of his hasty escape, Cartier could only report to the king that untold riches lay farther west and that a great river, said to be 2,000 miles long, possibly led to Asia. These and other reports, including some from the hostages, were so encouraging that King Francis decided on a huge colonizing expedition. He put military officer Jean-Franà §ois de la Rocque, Sieur de Roberval, in charge of the colonization plans, although the actual exploration was left to Cartier. War in Europe and the massive logistics for the colonization effort, including the difficulties of recruiting, slowed Roberval. Cartier, with 1,500 men, arrived in Canada a year ahead of him. His party settled at the bottom of the cliffs of Cap-Rouge, where they built forts. Cartier started a second trip to Hochelaga, but he turned back when he found that the route past the Lachine Rapids was too difficult. On his return, he found the colony under siege from the Stadacona natives. After a difficult winter, Cartier gathered drums filled with what he thought were gold, diamonds, and metal and started to sail for home. But his ships met Robervals fleet with the colonists, who had just arrived in what is now St. Johns, Newfoundland. Roberval ordered Cartier and his men to return to Cap-Rouge, but Cartier ignored the order and sailed for France with his cargo. When he arrived in France, he found that the load was really iron pyrite—also known as fools gold—and quartz. Robervals settlement efforts also failed. He and the colonists returned to France after experiencing one bitter winter. Death and Legacy While he was credited with exploring the St. Lawrence region, Cartiers reputation was tarnished by his harsh dealings with the Iroquois and by his abandoning the incoming colonists as he fled the New World. He returned to Saint-Malo but got no new commissions from the king. He died there on Sept. 1, 1557. Despite his failures, Jacques Cartier is credited as the first European explorer to chart the St. Lawrence River and to explore the Gulf of St. Lawrence. He also discovered Prince Edward Island and built a fort at Stadacona, where Quebec City stands today. And, in addition to providing the name for a mountain that gave birth to Montreal, he gave Canada its name when he misunderstood or misused the Iroquois word for village, kanata, as the name of a much broader area. Sources Jacques Cartier Biography. Biography.com.Jacques Cartier. History.com.Jacques Cartier: French Explorer. Encyclopedia Brittanica.

Essay about Informative Speech - 720 Words

Topic: Thyroid diseases General Purpose: To inform Specific purpose: To inform readers of the dangers and results of a thyroid disease. Central Idea: The thyroid controls so many things in your body and if not well taken care of can cause major damage to a person or their life. INTRODUCTION: Attention Getter: One of the most unknown body parts in the human body is the thyroid gland. It can also develop two of the worst diseases. Credibility Statement: Your thyroid controls so much in your body and not many people are aware of what can happen if you get one of two thyroid disorders. Your thyroid controls most things from your sleep pattern to your weight to your heartbeat and more. Both disorders are nothing to overlook by no†¦show more content†¦b. Inflammation of the thyroid, having a surgical removal of your thyroid, or some medications are some causes of hypothyroidism. c. Like hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism has many symptoms. c.i. Fatigue, weight gain, cold intolerance, depression, and slowed heart rate are just a few of the many symptoms c.ii. This disease develops at a slow pace so most people don’t notice the symptoms. d. Women are more likely to develop this disease as well. The average age is 60 and up. e. People who have had a thyroid problem before, received radiation for a thyroid problem, or had surgery on the thyroid are most likely to develop hypothyroidism. (TRANSITION: Although you cannot completely get rid of either disease there are ways to treat it to maintain good health.) III. Treatment a. There are different treatments for hyperthyroidism a.i. Antithyroid medicine, radioactive iodine, and surgery are a few ways to treat it. a.ii. No treatment can lead to heart problems, weak and brittle bones, and death. a.ii.1. A person that decides not to get treatment can go through a thyroid storm, which is rare but dangerous to a person b. Synthetic thyroxine is the main way to treat hypothyroidism. b.i. Synthetic thyroxine is a type of medication that is the same at the hormone T4. b.ii. The dosage will depend on the age, weight, and other health issues of the person. b.iii. This disorder can be completely controlled by this medicine. CONCLUSION: SignalShow MoreRelatedInformative Speech Essay855 Words   |  4 Pagestype of speech would the speaker choose. Well chapter 13 contents the creative process for informative speaking. What informative speaking is how to choose a focused informative topic, how to conduct a research and informative outline? The chapter also contains how to organize the body, introduction, and conclusion of the informative speech. Lastly chapter 13 contents explain how to prepare to present the speech and evaluate and informative speech. In order to make a well informative speech the speakerRead MoreInformative Speech912 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Informative Speech: The Causes of Homelessness Subject and Purpose 1. 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Thesis statement: Gun control will create laws and licensing to possess a gun to help decrease crime and fatalities, but also people believe gun control is going against our constitutionalRead Moreinformative speech1255 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Title: Information Speech Outline â€Å"The Evolution of Animation† Subject Code: USEL 23 - Speech Communication Prepared For: Datin Minda Hassan Prepared By: Nur Rabiatul Adawiyah Bt Mohd Nor Kamarudin (1411170007) Class: Oregon Program: ADFP Summer 2014 Preparation Outline Informative Speech â€Å"The Evolution of Animation – From 2D Animation to 3D Animation† General Purpose: To inform Specific Purpose: To inform my audience the evolution of animation. Central

Iousa Solutions Sample Essay Example For Students

Iousa Solutions Sample Essay The Government budget balance is a country’s general authorities budget over a twelvemonth. It includes all authorities degrees and public societal security financess. A negative balance is called a authorities budget shortage. In 2008. the United States authorities needed to borrow 459 billion dollars to pay their measures. Due to extraordinary economic conditions. the United States authorities needed to borrow 1. 4 trillion dollars in 2009. In the following decennary. it is expected that the United States will necessitate to borrow 16 trillion dollars. The United States public debt is money that is borrowed by the federal authorities of the United States. In September of 2008. the national debt was 9. 6 trillion dollars. In March of 2010. the national debt increased by 32 % which is 12. 6 trillion dollars. The sum unfunded promises and liabilities of the United States is over 62 trillion dollars. In order to pay for our major liabilities and promises. the United States needs that money invested today but of all that money they have zero of it. The federal debt includes money that the authorities owes to societal security. Medicare. and debt owed to the populace. By the terminal of 2010. the federal authorities will owe about 9 trillion dollars to the populace. Besides. our gross domestic merchandise is expected to make 14. 6 trillion dollars by the terminal of 2010. The public debt to gross domestic merchandise ratio is used to find how much we borrowed comparative to our national income. By the terminal of 2010. our public debt to gross domestic merchandise will be about 62 per centum. The federal authorities was formed in 1789 and the authorities has been holding jobs with the national debt since. Many factors lead to our national debt like war and the great depression but we ever managed to convey the dent down. In the early 1980s. the national debt began to turn rapidly. In the late 90s and early 2000s the authorities was running budget excesss. As a consequence. our federal budget has been low and the national debt has been increasing quickly. Sixty-eight per centum of the money borrowed by the United States authorities came from foreign beginnings. The foreign states are going impatient with our shortage. If foreign states were to halt lending us money. so we will hold to raise involvement rates dramatically. cut disbursement or. raise revenue enhancements. Estimated disbursement degrees will be twice every bit big as grosss. Government disbursement includes all authorities ingestion. investing but excludes transportation payments made by a province. Defense and other disbursement is the largest disbursement. Military disbursement is projected to be a really big cost for the United States. Since September of 2001. jurisprudence shapers provided 1. 1 trillion dollars for operations in Iraq. Afghanistan. and other war related activities. If we cut those disbursement. we can take down the possible future debt degrees. Our nation’s compulsory disbursement policies are turning at a fast rate. By 2019. we will be passing 92 per centum of all the grosss on entitlements and payments on the national debt. That will go forth small money for all other outgos. We will hold to cut discretional disbursement or we will go on to run big in turning our budget shortage. Some solutions can be to reform societal security by increasing the retirement age. increase wage axial rotation revenue enhancement grosss. cut down growing in benefits for the better-off. and cut down COLA for benefits. I believe the national debt is excessively big to seek and pay it off. There are many solutions that have been proposed yet we still have a really high debt. Even though our coevals does non desire to go through this job to future coevalss. I believe they will confront the national debt job and they might be populating in worse economic system than we are. .u728a1baab4548402e41c4260797d728b , .u728a1baab4548402e41c4260797d728b .postImageUrl , .u728a1baab4548402e41c4260797d728b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u728a1baab4548402e41c4260797d728b , .u728a1baab4548402e41c4260797d728b:hover , .u728a1baab4548402e41c4260797d728b:visited , .u728a1baab4548402e41c4260797d728b:active { border:0!important; } .u728a1baab4548402e41c4260797d728b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u728a1baab4548402e41c4260797d728b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transitio n: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u728a1baab4548402e41c4260797d728b:active , .u728a1baab4548402e41c4260797d728b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u728a1baab4548402e41c4260797d728b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative; } .u728a1baab4548402e41c4260797d728b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u728a1baab4548402e41c4260797d728b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u728a1baab4548402e41c4260797d728b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u728a1baab4548402e41c4260797d728b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u728a1baab4548402e41c4260797d728b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left: 18px; top: 0; } .u728a1baab4548402e41c4260797d728b .u728a1baab4548402e41c4260797d728b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u728a1baab4548402e41c4260797d728b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: dionysianism Essay

Themes In Connecticut Yankee In King Arthurs Cou Essay Example For Students

Themes In Connecticut Yankee In King Arthurs Cou Essay rt (CH. 1-8)In Chapter 1 of A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthurs Court by Mark Twain, the role of inequality is emphasized heavily. The quote on page 8, paragraph 2 shows this. The quote is They and the women, as a rule, wore a coarse tow-linen robe that came well below the knee, and a rude sort of sandals, and many wore an iron collar. The small boys and girls were always naked; but nobody seemed to know it. (Twain PG 8). The Yankee seems to be looking down on the people around him, thinking he is better than they are. The role of inequality is shown throughout the book. We will write a custom essay on Themes In Connecticut Yankee In King Arthurs Cou specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthurs Court also touches on the role of democracy and social stratification in Chapter 2. Democracy is portrayed when the Yankee observes the round table. The quote is As a rule, the speech and behavior of these people were gracious and courtly; and I noticed they were good and serious listeners when anybody was telling anythingI mean in a dogless interval. (Twain PG 13). He showed how the people at the table round listened to each other and each others ideas. Social stratification is shown on page 13. The quote is The rascalsthey have served other people so in their day; it being their own turn, now, they were not expecting any better treatment than this. (Twain PG 13). This shows how the poor are treated and they never expect more. The role of social stratification will be shown in the next chapter. In Chapter 5, the role of social stratification and power struggle are shown. Social stratification is shown in the quote Merlin, in his malice, had woven a spell about this dungeon, and there bides not the man in theses kingdoms that would be desperate enough to essay to cross it lines with you! (Twain PG 22). This shows how Merlin is feared by many. A power struggle is also shown by the quote He was frightened even to marrow, and was minded to give order for your instant enlargement, and that you be clothed in fine raiment and lodged as befitted one so great; but then came Merlin and spoiled it all. (Twain PG 24). This shows the power struggle between Hank and Merlin, which will be more in later chapters. In Chapter 6, the role of inequality is included in two ways. It is shown in the quote The king, by his silence, still stands to the terms. Then I lifted up my handsstood so just a momentthen I said, with the most awful solemnity: Let the enchantment dissolve and pass harmless away! (Twain PG 31). This is inequality because he knew of the eclipse and that deceived the people. Chapter 7 portrays power struggle and the role of technology. Technology is shown when Hank blows up Merlins tower, knowing a way to do it with his advanced knowledge. The quote is There fore I am going to call down fire and blow up your tower. (Twain PG 35). Technology is used to Hanks advantage with the lightning rod. A power struggle is also portrayed when Merlin admits defeat from Hank. The quote is And as for being grateful, he never even said thankyou. He was a rather hard lot, take him how you might; but then you couldnt fairly expect a man to be sweet that had been set back so. (Twain PG 36). Chapter 8 focuses in on power struggles and the role of the Catholic Church. The Yankee is given the title the Boss and is given more power. The quote is I was never known by any other designation afterward, whether in nations talk or in grave debate upon matters of state at the council board of the sovereign. The title translated into modern speech, would be the Boss. (Twain PG 40). This shows how he gains power and wants more. The role of the Roman Catholic Church is portrayed in the quote There you see the hand of that awful power, the Roman Catholic Church. (Twain PG 39). Here, the Boss refers to his displeasure with the Catholic Church. .u5e8a8fcc7a08ec7f8af9c5165955e107 , .u5e8a8fcc7a08ec7f8af9c5165955e107 .postImageUrl , .u5e8a8fcc7a08ec7f8af9c5165955e107 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u5e8a8fcc7a08ec7f8af9c5165955e107 , .u5e8a8fcc7a08ec7f8af9c5165955e107:hover , .u5e8a8fcc7a08ec7f8af9c5165955e107:visited , .u5e8a8fcc7a08ec7f8af9c5165955e107:active { border:0!important; } .u5e8a8fcc7a08ec7f8af9c5165955e107 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u5e8a8fcc7a08ec7f8af9c5165955e107 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u5e8a8fcc7a08ec7f8af9c5165955e107:active , .u5e8a8fcc7a08ec7f8af9c5165955e107:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u5e8a8fcc7a08ec7f8af9c5165955e107 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u5e8a8fcc7a08ec7f8af9c5165955e107 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u5e8a8fcc7a08ec7f8af9c5165955e107 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u5e8a8fcc7a08ec7f8af9c5165955e107 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5e8a8fcc7a08ec7f8af9c5165955e107:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u5e8a8fcc7a08ec7f8af9c5165955e107 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u5e8a8fcc7a08ec7f8af9c5165955e107 .u5e8a8fcc7a08ec7f8af9c5165955e107-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u5e8a8fcc7a08ec7f8af9c5165955e107:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: 1984 misc 12 00 EssayWords/ Pages : 692 / 24