Plea Bargaining - A Flaw in the Criminal Justice System in the United Essay

Supplication Bargaining - A Flaw in the Criminal Justice System in the United States - Essay Example This paper will examine supplication haggling as a defect in the criminal equity framework. Supplication dealing is characterized as a procedure whereby a litigant in a criminal case and the examiner arrive at a resolution (which is commonly good) to end the criminal case close by, subject to endorsement by the court. Effective supplication bartering lead to a request understanding between the litigant and the investigator, where the previous consents to be concede to the offense without a preliminary (Robert and Stuntz 24). Consequently, the examiner agrees to make positive suggestions to the court or excuse explicit charges in regards to the case. Be that as it may, request dealing is considered as an imperfection in the criminal equity framework. Its faultfinders contend that it is an alternate way to equity, and in this way the fair treatment of the law may not be followed completely. Furthermore, it is considered as an imperfection in the criminal equity framework since it is es teemed to be out of line to criminal litigants. This is on the grounds that the examiners will in general have such a great amount of intensity in choosing the charges that a litigant may confront (Hessick and Saujani 197). Additionally, since the examiners are assessed indeed on their paces of conviction, request dealing may constrain them to attempt no matter what to win the case. then again, supplication bartering is a blemish in the criminal equity framework since it is probably going to mellow punishment’s hindrance impact a s the respondent has a chance to expect lesser disciplines (Hessick, Andrew and Saujani 81-82). Cause and Impact of Plea Bargaining Plea dealing is a basic piece of the United States’ criminal equity framework; really, lion's share of the criminal cases in America are settled utilizing this implies rather by jury preliminary. Request bartering follows its beginning to the instance of Brady v. US in 1970 when the respondent (Robert Brady) attem pted to adjust his request after he had consented to confess to capturing for a lesser sentence (Fisher 44). Brady’s move was roused by the longing to stay away from capital punishment. In any case, after hearing the case, the Supreme Court decided that his request was genuine in light of the fact that had a choice of rejecting the proposal by the examiner. Ensuing case additionally indicated that the Supreme Court endorsed the lawfulness of request bartering. On account of Santobello v New York in 1971, the lawfulness of supplication bartering was tested when the investigator was blamed by the respondent for penetrating their request understanding by suggesting a discipline that was harsher than the one they had settled upon. The Supreme Court decided for the respondent; it contended that legitimate legitimacy of request dealing to be accomplished, the litigant and the examiner ought to cling to the supplication agreement’s terms. This case set a trend that every requ est haggling must be affirmed by the court for it to be lawfully substantial. From that point forward it has been dug in America’s criminal equity framework (Bibas 2471). In any case, a few examinations have indicated that it influences criminal equity framework by giving the investigator more tact that may prompt injustice with respect to the respondent and by conceding the litigant lesser discipline. The accompanying cases bring the imperfection referenced above: Bordenkircher v. Hayes where the court affirmed uncalled for treatment of the case by the examiner; and in Marshall v. Barlow’s Inc where the respondent was allowed lesser discipline in spite of the gravity

Constructing Terrorism As A Security Threat â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Examine About The Constructing Terrorism As A Security Threat? Answer: Presentation Digital fear based oppression is the most utilized word in the innovative world. The inspiration of using innovation and knowledge for hurting a focused on casualty or gathering of casualty in a country is known as digital psychological oppression (Akhgar, Staniforth Bosco, 2014). It spreads dread and dread in everywhere throughout the world. All the ages are influenced by this digital psychological oppression. The primary burden of this fear based oppression is that regardless of whether the digital psychological oppressor assaults a specific gathering of individuals, the whole country is influenced because of their exercises. In straightforward words, digital fear based oppression is the activity of destructing the general public in different manners. Web is the greatest help that the general public has acquired from innovation. The world will get stale if there is any issue in the Internet. The advantages of data innovation remember improvement for correspondence, proficiency, pro fitability and imagination. Data and information can be effortlessly gotten to by this innovation. In any case, there is consistently a contrary side of a coin (Jarvis, Macdonald Whiting, 2015). It is clear that web has given numerous favorable circumstances however it is likewise used by a few individuals for the demonstration of annihilation. Digital fear based oppression is the best of case of such cases. The accompanying report depicts about digital fear based oppression. It even diagrams the significant highlights of digital fear based oppression with pertinent subtleties. The issues, applications, significant advances and the difficulties are additionally given in the report. Also, the few effects of the digital psychological oppression on society are given here. Applicable supports are additionally given with respect to the exercise gained from digital fear based oppression. Digital Terrorism According to the lawful principles and enactment of any country, digital psychological warfare is recorded as the most debasing and damaging wrongdoings in present day world (Ahmad Yunos, 2012). Digital fear based oppression is the most utilized word in the innovative world. The inspiration of using innovation and insight for hurting a focused on casualty or gathering of casualty in a country is known as digital fear mongering. It spreads dread and dread in everywhere throughout the world. All the ages are influenced by this digital fear based oppression. The principle hindrance of this fear based oppression is that regardless of whether the digital psychological militant assaults a specific gathering of individuals, the whole country is influenced because of their exercises. In straightforward words, digital psychological warfare is the activity of destructing the general public in different manners (Taylor, Fritsch Liederbach, 2014). The significant necessity of this merciless demo nstration is the Internet. Without web empowered frameworks, digital fear based oppression can't happen. Web is the greatest help that the general public has gotten from innovation. The world will get stale if there is any issue in the Internet. The advantages of data innovation remember improvement for correspondence, effectiveness, profitability and imagination. Data and information can be effectively gotten to by this innovation. Nonetheless, there is consistently a contrary side of a coin (Tehrani, Manap Taji, 2013). It is clear that web has given numerous focal points however it is additionally used by a few individuals for the demonstration of annihilation. Digital fear based oppression is the best of case of such cases. This digital psychological warfare just influences a specific gathering of individuals yet in addition the whole country. Difficulties The programmer or the psychological militant, who is engaged with digital fear based oppression hacks a data framework to seek after his activity. This is through PC frameworks that are empowered with Internet. The significant prerequisite for directing such dangerous wrongdoing is the Internet association. The digital psychological oppressor gets the IP address of a portion of the focused on frameworks. It very well may be a PC, a PC, an advanced cell or a tablet. There are different difficulties that are identified with digital fear based oppression. These difficulties mostly incorporate the various segments of a country like monetary, political, social and legitimate (Jarvis, Macdonald Whiting, 2015) Each of these parts are taken care of and totally oversaw by the data and correspondence innovation. The every day necessities of a country will be halted if there is any issue in the web. The foundation of a general public is subject to the customary need of a person. These utilities are the gracefully chain of power, water association, the executives of air traffic, bookkeeping, fund and banking. In the event that any of these utilities are decreased, the whole country would be influenced. Digital fear based oppressors focus on the frameworks that are controlling these utilities (Uma Padmavathi, 2013). Comparative difficulties are looked in the political, financial and legitimate segments. Issues Digital psychological oppression happens for the few issues and issues. They are as per the following: I) Simplicity in the Infrastructure: The framework foundation assumes a noteworthy job in the security of that framework. In the event that the foundation of a specific framework is secured by firewalls or other fundamental measures, it is clear that no interloper can get into the framework (Ahmad Yunos, 2012). Be that as it may, the case is completely inverse for framework that is much more basic than ordinary. Programmer can without much of a stretch get into the framework and go about as the client and play out his criminal operations. ii) Issues Related to Politics: This is the most hazardous issue for any country. Ideological groups are those gatherings of people, who are answerable for the general development of a nation. They rule the nation with appropriate methods (Awan, 2014). In any case, a portion of the political pioneers or gatherings have a gigantic nature of rivalry. It has been seen that in not many instances of digital fear mongering, a specific ideological group is included. They support or rather enlist this kind of digital fear based oppressors for directing such destructing violations in the nation. iii) Lack of Passwords: This is another significant issue for any framework. Passwords are the easiest method of making sure about a specific framework. All the frameworks ought to have passwords (Hua Bapna, 2013). Absence of secret word in any framework opens the path for programmer and gatecrashers. They go into the framework and gets access of the information. iv) Lack of Legal Factors: The lawful principles and guidelines assists with making sure about the data arrangement of any nation. These principles are liable for keeping up the lawful parity of a country. There are not many nations, where the standards and guidelines are very severe (Ahmad, Yunos Sahib, 2012). This assists with forestalling a wide range of wrongdoing and crimes in a country. In any case, there are a few nations that don't have exacting laws and digital fear based oppression can undoubtedly happen in those nations. v) Absence of Relevant Systems: Every legislature of a nation ought to have an assault identifier framework introduced in it. This assists with recognizing and forestall any assault by giving the data to the administration (Bogdanoski Petreski, 2013). In straightforward words, if the locator identifies that there is an opportunity of digital assaults later on. The administration can find a way to forestall this sort of assaults. Applicable Technologies Innovation has the most significant effect on the advanced world. This innovation has adjusted or changed the whole world with its points of interest. Web is the best bit of leeway that the general public has gotten from innovation (Dawson, 2015). The world will get stale if there is any issue in the Internet. The advantages of data innovation remember improvement for correspondence, proficiency, efficiency and imagination. Data and information can be effortlessly gotten to by this innovation. Digital psychological warfare are directed by a portion of the applicable advancements. They are as per the following: I) Internet: This is the most important innovation that assists with leading digital fear mongering in any nation. Without Internet digital fear based oppression can't be directed. Web is the greatest help that the general public has acquired from innovation. The world will get stale if there is any issue in the Internet. The advantages of data innovation remember improvement for correspondence, effectiveness, efficiency and inventiveness. ii) Smart Phones: Smart telephones are another favorable position that innovation has given to the general public. Interchanges have gotten simpler with advanced mobile phones (Ahmad, 2012). As PDAs are empowered with web association, it is clear that it very well may be handily hacked. The digital fear monger use the advanced mobile phones of residents to direct such destructing exercises. iii) Systems: Systems allude to PC frameworks, workstations and tablets. They store all the vital data in their database (Eid, 2012). These are hacked by programmers to play out their exercises effectively and subtly. Be that as it may, secret phrase ensured frameworks are difficult to hack and are professed to be made sure about. Effect of Cyber Terrorism The effect of digital psychological warfare is totally negative for a nation. The influenced territories of a country are the monetary, legitimate, social and political regions. When digital psychological warfare happens in a nation, regularly the financial degree of the nation goes down and the country endures (Bowman-Grieve, 2015). This kind of exercises frequently stops the essential utilities of an individual like power, water gracefully, banking and some more. The residents of the countries endure a ton because of this wonder. They can't comprehend the explanation and along these lines are influenced. This thus influences the public activity of the country. Essentially, the principles and guidelines of a country are damaged (Awan Blakemore, 2016). In this manner causing a gigantic effect on the legitimate division. Frequently ideological groups are associated with these cases and along these lines political part is additionally influenced. Most Important Lesson The most significant exercise I have from this report is that no one ought to be engaged with these sorts of exercises. Everyone ought to be morally and ethically right towards their country. Also, web can be used for different significant and imaginative fields. It ought not be utilized for wrong deeds like digital fear mongering. End Subsequently, from the above report it very well may be inferred that, digital fear based oppression is the most utilized

2019 EA Decisions and Data - UGA Undergraduate Admissions

2019 EA Decisions and Data - UGA Undergraduate Admissions 2019 EA Decisions and Data Early Action decisions will be released late this afternoon, so here are some details about the EA applicant and admitted groups. I will also add a comment to the top of this post when decisions go live, and I will announce it on Twitter as well. For students who were deferred, please understand that this is not a denial decision. We want to be able to have a more in-depth review of you, including short essays, activities, recommendations, etc. Please be sure to read the deferred student FAQ page before commenting on here. There is also a 2019 Early Action Decision story at UGA News which gives more broad details on the class as a whole, so I suggest you also review this information. Quick Early Action Numbers (These numbers are mid-ranges, not minimums.) Applications Received: 17,000 (16,921 with fee paid) UGA received roughly 2,000 more EA applications than last year. Offers of Admission: 7,556 -This is slightly below last years admitted numbers, but with the spike in EA applications and current RD data, it makes it harder to predict what will happen with overall application numbers. Mid 50% Admitted Average GPA: 4.07-4.33 GPA -Please remember this is not the GPA students see on their high school transcript, but rather the GPA that UGA recalculates for everyone based on the core academic courses taken in high school and looking at the actual grades posted on the transcripts. Mid 50% Admitted Average SAT (EBRW+M): 1360-1490 -This is data for students who were admitted with the SAT being the highest or only test score in their review. Mid 50% Admitted Average ACT (Composite): 31-34 -This is data for students who were admitted with the ACT being the highest or only test score in their review. Remember, UGA focuses on the ACT English and Math scores, but we report the Composite data as that is the official/accepted data for national publications. Mid 50% Admitted AP/IB/DE courses over 4 years of HS: 7-12 courses -We determine academic rigor based on all core classes a student has taken (CP, Honors, Advanced, AP, IB, DE, etc.) as compared to what is offered in the school/community, but this information is the most specific data we can give on it. The rough breakdown of decisions are as such: 7,556 admits, 6,900+ deferred, 2,000 denied and slightly under 500 incomplete. If you have questions about your specific decision, please do not post them on this blog. As well, do not give out or request personal academic information in your post, as we would then need to delete these posts. We are not able to answer questions about individual students here because we will generally not have your information in front of us and we cannot disclose individual student information in a comment. I would recommend talking with both your family and high school counselor first, then reviewing this previous post on suggestions about how to react to an EA decision, and finally reading the FAQs available from your Status page. Please be patient, be nice and be courteous. Have a great weekend and go Dawgs!

Nutrition Is The Basic Process Of Providing The Human Body...

Introduction Nutrition is the basic process of providing the human body with the necessary food for health and growth. While this might seem to be a simple concept, nutrition is exceedingly complex and affects many areas of an individual’s life. One of these areas is exercise. Diet is considered one of the most influential components in improving athletic performance. Optimal nutrition can enhance (a) physical activity, (b) athletic performance and (c) recovery from exercise (Manroe, M.M., Barr, S.I., Butterfield, G.E., 2000). Optimal nutrition can be characterized as (1) proper selection of food and liquids, (2) timing of ingestion and (3) selection of supplements for ideal exercise performance (Manroe, M.M., Barr, S.I., †¦show more content†¦The subject was a 20 year-old female whose height was approximately 5’6† and weight was approximately 160 pounds. The BMI of the subject was 26 and the subject was neither a smoker nor a vegetarian. This allows th e software to accurately assess nutrition variables by factoring in the subject’s basic metabolic rate. Next, the food consumed over the three-day time frame was submitted into the software in chronological order and was categorized into (I) breakfast, (II) lunch, (III) dinner and (IV) snacks. Once all three days were submitted into the program, a series of reports were computed. These reports were energy balance, my pyramid analysis and profile DRI goals with a significant importance placed on (i) energy, (ii) fats, (iii) essential fatty acids and (iv) carbohydrates. The reports will be discussed in detail in the Results section of this report. Data Refer to attached documents for data. Results The three main reports utilized by the Diet Analysis Plus 9 software for this lab were energy balance, my pyramid analysis and profile DRI goals with an emphasis placed on (a) energy, (b) fats, (c) essential fatty acids and (d) carbohydrates. The first report generated by the software was energy balance. Within this energy balance report was the (a) kCal consumed each day based on the combined caloric value of each food, (b) the kCal burned based on the fitness level specified and (c) the net kCal for each day. ForShow MoreRelatedDiet and Nutrition Essay1123 Words   |  5 Pagesenergy from food that allows our body to perform various functions that allows us to survive. The food that people take in will go through their digestive system that then allows them to harness the energy within food. That energy that is taken from the food is then sent, via the bloodstream, to all of the living cells. These cells then use this energy to perform their daily functions and tasks. We also eat food to help rebuild and repair damaged and old cells. Diets are particular foods that areRead MoreThe Chemical Building Blocks And Nutrition1274 Words   |  6 Pagesthe most is the chemical building blocks and nutrition. 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Rape And Its Effect On Society - 2136 Words

When thinking of the military, what images often come to mind? Perhaps it is the bravery and courage of the soldiers, or a feeling of gratitude towards them for fighting for our freedom. Perhaps it is the fear that they may get hurt and the hope that they will return home safely to their families. Without a doubt, many of us have considered these very aspects when thinking of the military. However, there is an area that often goes unthought-of. That area is the deviant behavior of rape. Unbeknownst to many, it is an epidemic in the U.S. military and unfortunately, very few steps are being taken to combat this enormous issue. According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, rape is defined as forced sexual intercourse including both psychological coercion as well as physical force. Forced sexual intercourse means penetration by the offender(s). It includes attempted rapes of male, as well as female, victims, and both heterosexual and homosexual rape.† Therefore, under this definition, rape is a considered to be a very serious crime. Furthermore, it is against the norm in society, and so it is also considered to be deviant behavior. There are many forms of rape including gang rape, acquaintance and date rape, marital rape, and statutory rape. Gang rape involves forcible sex by a group of people on a single victim. Acquaintance rape involves forcible sex in which the offender and the victim are acquainted with each other, and date rape involves forcible sex during a datingShow MoreRelatedRape And Its Effect On Society1561 Words   |  7 Pagesunacceptable to society as a whole. The meaning of being raped is where the rapist forces sex upon their victim of the rapists choosing. Rape is a type of sexual behavior that is considered a deviant act that is unacceptable to society. 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This course contained information about rape, sexual assault, and the ways drugs can be used to rape people. After learning

Rumored Hype on Hero and Leander Essay Topics Exposed

Rumored Hype on Hero and Leander Essay Topics Exposed This quality is essential if you wish to be a legitimate hero. Surely, there's no need to get particular superpowers to be a hero. Heroes could be frightened of something, but they do not scared to reveal their courage when it is necessary. They get scared, because they are humans as we all are. They may be scared, but in the same time, even without any super human abilities, they are willing to act like real super heroes. Welton will not accept change, therefore a battle begins. To me this is the secret to life. You see men and women in your daily life acting like heroes. Sacrificing your life for different people is additionally a heroic deed. Leander lives throughout the water in Abydos. Actually, in instances of emergency, we can assure you your customized essay can be finished within 8 hours. They set up codes to understand when to fulfill each other. They set up codes to understand when to fulfill each Other . Give an instance of each type. Hero and Leander Essay Topics - the Conspiracy Hero essays aren't any different. Essay homework has to be banned. Writing a hero essay ought to be fairly straightforward. The Ultimate Hero and Leander Essay Topics Trick There's also undeniable irony inside this statement. This means that you would like to aid the people to become out of whatever situation they're in or to keep them from getting in an even worse situation. It can be a statement or a complete summary of the approaching work. At last we arrive at the conclusion. He doesn't know even the basic truth about human intercourse. However, differences between both pieces do exist. Up in Arms About Hero and Leander Essay Topics? Hero will discover several strategies to help different people. A hero is whoever stays strong even facing a critical issue. He is a person who is able to help another in various ways. The actual heroes are the typical men and women just attempting to do the perfect thing. The 2 lovers live on opposite surfaces of the Hellespont. They're able to do plenty of unique things that inspire and stimulate other people to do their very best. The local news studio doesn't get everybody's heroism since there is so much of it! The reason I have chosen these 2 poems is due to the titles. With all these benefits, you're going to be surprised to discover our rate remain to be very affordable. However, we don't underrate the purchase price of the top quality work that's supplied to you. Providentially, the reactor can't explode. On time delivery is also our concern, so you don't need to fret about when you'll be receiving your paper. The form of our fuel elements enables them to be rotated degrees and flipped upside-down during refuelling as a way to find the absolute most out of each element before it's discharged. Actually, the main demonstration of heroism is the one which is observed in everyday life. They don't need to be super humans. A hero can be afraid too, but his actions demonstrate he can overcome his fears as a way to conserve someone. He does not act for personal gain, but out of selfless reasons. The term hero can take up many meanings based on the scenario. The period hero has different meanings in various contexts.

Sports Essay Research Paper For this assignment free essay sample

Sports Essay, Research Paper For this assignment I wanted to concentrate on baseball managers. However, I was unable to go to two games each on a different degree because at this point in clip merely the college season is underway. So alternatively of go toing a game at a degree other than college, I attended a high school pattern session. At first the manager was a spot discerning about leting me to go to, but he finally allowed me to after a younger brother of a friend of mine who was on the squad assured him that I wasn t a undercover agent for another squad. That said, I expected the pattern to be strict and proficient in nature and a bid manner manager who extremely valued winning. However, it was rather the reverse. The manager, to my surprise, subscribed to a instead submissive/baby sitting trade name of training. The pattern had really small construction or organisation. We will write a custom essay sample on Sports Essay Research Paper For this assignment or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page After a brief warm-up period, which consisted of a light jog and short stretching modus operandi, he merely divided the squad up into two groups. One headed for the two batting coops and the other spread themselves out to make full the balance of the gym to throw and finally lined up to take land balls from the adjunct manager. This went on for about entireness of the two-hour pattern ( the groups switched about mid manner through ) . During this clip the caput manager freely roamed the gym, halting here and at that place, offering at most minor direction to where he felt it was needed. While he was making this, those who were waiting their bend to either chiropteran or field were drop the balling about rather a spot ( at least harmonizing to my criterions ) . Merely when things got excessively objectionable did the manager intervene. He didn T seem to care much about the physical or mental development of his participants. I have to acknowledge that I was reasonably aghast to see this traveling on. I played baseball at that place all four old ages under two different caput managers. Both were what you could name martinets ; they were really organized and structured patterns in such a manner that they required your complete attending from start T o coating. I was funny to see how the squad faired last twelvemonth under the current government so I spoke to my friend s younger brother. Not surprisingly the squad had one of its poorest seasons in old ages. I found it sad to see my old high school go from respectable to absurd. I besides felt sorry for those playing for the current manager. The subject, work ethic, and values transmitted from the command/cooperative manner managers that I played for will non be instilled in those playing under this manager. The college manager I observed was more in line with the managers I played for in high school. He was much more structured and disciplined and fit what I felt was a combination of bid and concerted manner of coaching. After a jog and stretch, the squad loosened up with some long tossing. After about five or six proceedingss of that, the manager called them in for multi-infield ( which, Unlike the high school manager, who had his helper hit one land ball at a clip, this manager ( like my former managers ) had outfielders hit land balls to the infielders so that each infielder could have the maximal sum of land balls in a limited period of clip ) . Finally the outfielders took their places and the infielders gave them multi-outfield. To acquire more of an apprehension of what manner of training the manager used I stayed near to the dugout for the bulk of the game. He decidedly emphasized winning, but at the same clip he cared about his participants. There were a twosome of occasions where participants made mental and physical mistakes. He decidedly allow them cognize that they made a error ; he raised his voice rather a spot ( non shouting but non speaking either ) . However, he was neer take downing, and whenever he was done acquiring their attending and indicating out errors he offered encouragement, come on, you re better that that, or acquire thousand following clip. I felt that this manager was good balanced and offered much more counsel than the high school manager, which in my sentiment is necessary when training in competitory degrees of organized athleticss.

Research Proposal on Marketing Communication Essay Example

Research Proposal on Marketing Communication Essay Marketing communication or promotion is one the four core elements of marketing mix characterized with the integrated complex of media used for the delivery of information from the producer to consumers or target markets. Marketing communication embraces every activity of the company aimed at the promotion, remembering, persuasion and informing the customers about the goods and services of the firm. Marketing communication includes the informative ads which are supposed to notify the consumer about the existence of the products manufactured by the company or to inform him about the possible changes and improvement of the product. The principal aim of marketing communication is to persuade the consumer of the quality and originality of the product. The customer should want to buy the product without paying attention to its price after watching the ad. The advertisement is not just the delivery of information, but it is a direct communication between the company and the client during which the first one tries to persuade the latter one in the necessity and exclusiveness of the production. The model of marketing communication is quite simple as it consists of five elements: We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Marketing Communication specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Marketing Communication specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Marketing Communication specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The first element is the sender or the firm (wants to deliver the concept to the consumer); The second component is the receiver (the customer); The third – the message (the set of codes and symbols which possess informative and persuasive value); The fourth – the channel of connection (the means used for the transmission of the information) The fifth – feedback loop (maintains the control of the successfulness of the transfer of the message and helps to make sure whether the consumer has understood the word). Marketing communication is the complex of methods aimed at the promotion of goods and services among the target audience. The student has the chance to research the problem deeper if he chooses the issue on marketing communication for the research paper. But before that he should persuade the professor in the effectiveness of the topic with the help of the proposal which includes the main points of the research, the methodology and the sources applied for the analysis and investigation of the matter. The student should deliver the information and arguments logically and precisely to inform the professor about the main idea of writing. At EssayLib.com writing service you can order a custom research proposal on Marketing Communication topics. Your proposal will be written from scratch. We hire top-rated PhD and Master’s writers only to provide students with professional research proposal help at affordable rates. Each customer will get a non-plagiarized paper with timely delivery. Just visit our website and fill in the order form with all proposal details: Enjoy professional research proposal writing service!

Chapter 4 Study Guide Essays - United States, Free Essays

Chapter 4 Study Guide Essays - United States, Free Essays Chapter 4 Study Guide John Marshall Alien and Sedition Acts Louisiana Territory George Washington's Farewell Address - what things did he warn against? Federalist party views on the issues (Hamilton) Democratic-Republican party views on the issues (Jefferson) Views of people (for/against) War of 1812 Amendments in the Bill of Rights Ft. McHenry Francis Scott Key Marbury v. Madison XYZ Affair Whiskey Rebellion and excise taxes Bank of the United States (the debate over it) Battle of Tippecanoe Embargo Act of 1807 Presidential election of 1800 and its importance George Washington's cabinet Impressment Pinckney's Treaty Judicial Review War Hawks Jam es Madison and the Constitution and as President Election of 1796 Aaron Burr Possible essay questions: Lewis and Clark War of 1812 Views of Hamilton and Jefferson Chapter 4 Study Guide John Marshall Alien and Sedition Acts Louisiana Territory George Washington's Farewell Address - what things did he warn against? Federalist party views on the issues (Hamilton) Democratic-Republican party views on the issues (Jefferson) Views of people (for/against) War of 1812 Amendments in the Bill of Rights Ft. McHenry Francis Scott Key Marbury v. Madison XYZ Affair Whiskey Rebellion and excise taxes Bank of the United States (the debate over it) Battle of Tippecanoe Embargo Act of 1807 Presidential election of 1800 and its importance George Washington's cabinet Impressment Pinckney's Treaty Judicial Review War Hawks Jam es Madison and the Constitution and as President Election of 1796 Aaron Burr Possible essay questions: Lewis and Clark War of 1812 Views of Hamilton and Jefferson

Business Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 2

Business Economics - Essay Example Reduced investment and poor image of the sector is put in the backseat without fresh blood in the segment. The industry must get competitive edge by manufacturing those goods that consumers want and Britain has technical and competitive advantages. Manufacturing in Britain is still important. There is a need to keep the economy diversified, that can not be possible without manufacturing. UK requires shifting into more high-tech manufacturing which is less labour intensive UK economic scenario can be viewed from this chart and diagram, which clearly points about the falling gross domestic products every decade from the Second World War when the UK economy boomed (Hundred years of Economic statistics, World Economic Outlook) The boom of the new century ended in 2008 when UK entered a recession caused by the global financial crisis following the collapse of the UK Northern Rock Bank. British economy shrunk by 2.4% in the first quarter of 2009 compared with the previous one as reported by the British Office for National Statistics (ONS). According to the ONS, "output of the production industries fell 5.1 percent, while service industries fell by 1.6 percent, with negative growth in all sub-industries except government and other services." (British economy shrinks 2.4 %-----) Britain is still reputedly the sixth biggest global manufacturing economy. The UK manufacturing sector is currently in recession and last year recorded its largest annual decline for a decade. The manufacturing sector had witnessed the boom in 1995 when it touched almost 8% growth and then moved in between 0 to 2% growth level. After touching more that 2% in 2007 the manufacturing shrunk below in 2008. Services account for 80% of Britain’s G.D.P. Service industry is not entirely independent and depends very much over manufacturing sector only. The UKs services industry as seen as the engine of growth for the national economy does not appear convincing. There is puzzling question in

Marketing as One of the Organizational Functions Literature review

Marketing as One of the Organizational Functions - Literature review Example The objective of this research is to gain an understanding of marketing, core activities of marketing, and its effective usage. 2) What are the main debates in this area? This proposed research aims to focus on the concept of marketing, the main debates that exist in the marketing subject area such as manipulative marketing which attempts to hide flaws in the quality of a product, internationalization, and globalization affecting the scope of marketing, and the debate regarding principle of AIDA (Awareness, Interest, Desire and Action) (AIDA, 2012) being universally applied to all markets, targeted audience perceives what it wants to or marketing makes them comprehend what organization actually wants them to. The research also seeks to evaluate the role of legislation and governments defining the boundaries of marketing. Also, the need of marketing, mediums that can be used as marketing sources, factors that affect marketing adversely or have positive impacts on it and the role marke ting plays in flourishing a marketed item will also be studied in the research. 3) Why have I chosen this area? Marketing has always been with humans, implicitly and explicitly, intentionally or unintentionally. From secular educations to businesses, from social lives to religions, marketing has always been there in different modes and faces. Marketing is not a static concept instead it is such a dynamic process that it has evolved and moulded itself as humans went through the process of evolution. The universality of this topic has made this topic to be chosen. Literature Review The research is supported by the textbook Marketing written by a technical writer and business analyst Mercer (1996). The targeted audience of the book is marketing professionals, marketers and other personnel interested in fostering their knowledge about marketing. The aim of writing this text is to comprehend the concept of purpose, role, techniques, and theories of marketing and getting a better understa nding of it in a descriptive manner and also, the book uses factual data where it was necessarily needed. In this text, the history of marketing is discussed with the essence. It has been emphasized in the book that marketing is not about making products known to consumers but marketing is a vast concept. It is about the complexity of interaction involved in marketing, and its effects on decision-making and business strategy choices. Multi-buyer and multi-factored marketing plans are discussed with market examples. Text is organized in fourteen (14) different chapters, catering all the related information and study of marketing, such as co-ordinations, organization’s pigeon-holes, sales vs. marketing, marketing mix (product, price, place, and promotion), and critics on this approach, the idea of product vs. benefits, corporate strategy, customers, and market positioning are elaborated.\

Violent Video Games in Society

Violent Video Games in Society 53 percent. That is the number received from all adults included in a survey asking their thoughts on whether they thought children got more or less violent after being introduced to violent video games. The majority believed it was fine to let the children play such content as studies have not yet proved violence in youth has a direct correlation to video games. VIdeo gaming is a multi-billion dollar industry bringing in more money than both movies and DvDs young people love getting their hands on a controller and the feeling of being thrown into a whole immersive new world. Some people might compare the feeling to reading a book but a lot better due to the graphics and dialogue. Video games have been shown to be a natural teacher to young people and that fact cannot be diminished, however with the increasing violent nature of our society more and more violent video games can be almost guaranteed in the markets. Although these might spark controversy, seeing real life events unfold in front of a childs face is more likely to make them violent than playing a video game in the comfort of their own home. According to Video Games and Crime Michael R. Ward states Relatedly, it is possible that violent games are particularly attractive to otherwise violent individuals. Independent of whether violent video game play causes a behavioral change in which individuals become more violent, it could substitute for the time spent in violent activities thereby decreasing the total amount of violence. Referring to the idea that people that play video games are so absorbed into the activity that they will spend more time playing than actually going out and pursuing violent activities. Although these facts are quite persuasive, many attempts have still been made by a few parties to reduce violence among children and teens such as the Entertainment Software Rating Board (ESRB) which bases gaming content upon alphabetical lettering. Every letter means something different and varies from EC to AO. Games have a small box located on the cases on the bottom left of the front cover. EC referring to games a ppropriate for Early Childhood. E10+ Referring to games appropriate for everyone ages 10 and up. T for teens. M for mature. And finally AO for games only appropriate for adults. Although this system is not foolproof it has been shown to reduce the amount of violence in children since the late 1990s. Reality games have been a huge game changer in the gaming community. Things such as Life Simulator, Job Simulator and so much more have effectively changed the perspectives of most young people. Showing more things about life than they would normally learn in school, Paying Bills. Reading house notes. Getting up and ready for a job and even to the point of having a wife and kid. These have been purposely made to mimic real life events to show people how life can be if they have never experienced something like that before. As the real world evolves, so do the games we play as many of them are based upon true or real world events. War. Theft. Death. Destruction. Many of these things have been included in new and even more realistic video games. Although many can be beneficial, games such as these are very surreal. Imploring the audience to realize how very horrible the world is or even visualize these situations. Even at this point these games are beneficial allowing the community to see and (if the game is immersive enough) feel how heartbreaking the loss of a friend can be. People who have bought new software such as a PlayStation (PS2, PS3, PS4) or XBox (Xbox-360 or Xbox One) have been able to play online with friends from around the world. Whether Youre defending humanitys last hope as a cyborg in the first person alien killing game Halo on XBox, or youre Defending a city with mystical powers against a pack of monsters in the addictive role-playing game known as EverQuest on Playstation. In many ways Video games are a whole new social platform. One of the biggest in fact, According to a state of the industry report by Spil Games about 1.2 billion people around the world play games alone, and over 700 million play online! Finding friends online, meeting new people and helping them out is what we all do on a day to day basis, and with video games you can do all of this in the comfort of your own home. A study, conducted by Tsung-Yen Chuang and Wei-Fan Chen and published in the April 2009 edition of Educational Technology Society concluded that more research needs to be done and that games to enhance learning need to be thoughtfully created, but they also concluded that from the results of this study, computer-based video games could function as powerful tools in assisting childrens cognitive processes. In this world it is important for everyones children to learn as quickly as possible. This is the most technologically advanced the world has ever been and with that being said everyone has unlimited information available at all times. People just have to make it all count for the future of our society, video games can change the future There are many many precautions that come along with the evolution of video games, but the fact remains that although some might be too violent for certain children studies have shown that they still retain important information than they usually would in school. These gaming platforms have become a basis upon which we teach our children the basic concept of imagination. Showing them that anything can be possible as long as you put your mind to it and have the willingness to do something. Instead of getting rid of games altogether, I suggest that we rather provide more information about life into them.. Works Cited Video Games and Children: Playing with Violence. Video Games and Children: Playing with Violence, June 2015, www.aacap.org/AACAP/Families_and_Youth/Facts_for_Families/FFF-Guide/Children-and-Video-Games-Playing-with-Violence-091.aspx. Accessed 2 February 2017. Ward, Michael R. Video Games and Crime. Contemporary Economic Policy, vol. 29, no. 2, 2011, p. 261. Academic OneFile, go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=AONEsw=wu=j020902v=2.1it=rid=GALE|A254245440asid=d06c35b32a0b773bc5e32d73b8f946dd.ÂÂ   Accessed 5 February 2017 Video Games. Opposing Viewpoints Online Collection, Gale, 2016. Opposing Viewpoints in Context, link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/PC3010999329/OVIC?u=j020902xid=6398fb1e. Accessed 7 Feb. 2017 Video Games. Opposing Viewpoints Online Collection, Gale, 2016. Opposing Viewpoints in Context, link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/PC3010999329/OVIC?u=j020902xid=6398fb1e. Accessed 9 Feb. 2017.

Comparing two short stories -My brother?s keeper and Do angels wear E

Comparative analysis of two stories : "My brother’s keeper " " and Do angels wear brassieres?" The two short stories that I am comparing are " My brother’s keeper" by Geoffrey Philp and " Do angels wear brassieres?" by Olive Senior. "My brother’s keeper" talked about history ,race , identity, friendship, family, age, motherhood and sexuality and how they are defined around cultural and traditional positions. It is about a young man named Paul and his account of the changes he went through dealing with a step brother he did not even know existed until the very first day the boy showed up at their door . His step- brother’s name was David and he was coming from America where he was lived with his mother and father until their death. " Do angels wear brassieres?" is about little girl named Beccka’s quest for knowledge and what she had to go through as a teenager living with two females in one house .In this story I saw the relationships among family, friendship, motherhood,voice, tradition, ethnicity and how these fit into the identity of the individual in addition to their gender ,age and sexuality. Although " My brother’s keeper" and "Do angels wear brassieres?" were written by two different authors, they had a lot in common .Both of them were set in the island country of Jamaica and were about single families. From the beginning, the narrator in " My brother’s keep...

Ib History Paper 3 Guide

Sabrina Shaw Hunter 2A IB History of the Americas HL 7 November 2012 Paper 3 Guide: Mexican Revolution Bullet Points: Defined and Summarized: 1. Causes of the Mexican Revolution: social, economic, and political; the role of the Porfiriato regime * Porfirio Diaz was the dictator of Mexico from 1876 to 1910. His regime is known as the Porfiriato regime. Diaz’s social ideologies and aims were to divide and rule, obtain absolute power Diaz’s methods were the Pan o Palo policy and the spoil system.Diaz wanted to increase industrialization without increasing foreign investment and he used the spoil system to gain the support of the wealthy landowners. Diaz’s political goals were to have autocratic rule, have absolute power, and obtain these through this policies and systems mentioned earlier. * Through Diaz’s spoil system, the wealthy became wealthier and the poor, common Mexicans were starving.Hacienda owners were benefiting from the economic situation of Mexico but the people were being oppressed socially, economically, and politically, until Madero began spreading non re-election campaigns and revo lutionary leaders began to form groups and later armies, starting the Mexican Revolution.2. The revolution and its leaders (1910-1917): Ideologies, aims, methods of Madero, Villa, Zapata, Carranza; achievements and failures; Constitution of 1917: nature and application * Madero: Came to power through the overthrowing of Diaz- Popular for his book, Presidential Succession of 1910.Sought democracy, gained presidency through popular vote. His 15 months in office were followed by resistance political disaster, non-cooperation, and disunity between his followers and eventually Huerta. (His supposedly appointed commander of the government forces who conspired with the rebels for Madero’s fall) * The aims of Madero were to remove Diaz from power and then take Diaz’s power. Villa’s aims changed impulsively and for immediate convenience. Zapata’s aims were for agrarian reform complete revolutionary changes and land distribution evenly to the poor.Carranza’s aims were to overthrow Huerta and to create a plan similar to Madero’s but without the ambitious social reforms. The ideologies of each revolutionary leader are very similar to the aims of each leader. The methods of Madero were forming the Anti-Reelectionist Center of Mexico and creating the Plan of San Luis Potosi. The methods of Villa were guerilla tactics and being a charismatic leader that connected with the lower class. The methods of Zapata were choosing small, easy battle to boost morale among his men and fighting while Diaz was occupied with the North.The methods of Carranza were fighting Huerta and creating the Plan of Guadalupe. Madero and Carranza both became president, however they did not keep this position for very long because of their lack of social reform. Zapata’s Plan of Ayala was accepted by the other revolutionary leaders. Villa was able to fight and then able to retire after the revolution. * Constitution of 1917: The Constitution of 1917 is des cribed as one of the most progressive constitution created at this time within Mexico; it had significant influence on the political developments of the country.The constitution of 1917 was approved by the Constitutional Congress on February 5, 1917 as the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States. It was similar to the constitution of 1857 but gave more power to the Executive branch and gave additional rights to the Mexican people. The constitution displayed significant changes in Mexican political philosophy that helped frame the political and social backdrop for Mexico in the twentieth century. For its time it is important as it was established prior to the ending of the revolution, showing that the Mexican people were slowly gaining what they were fighting for. Carranza was the first president to serve under this constitution.3. Construction of the post-revolutionary state (1920-38): Obregon, Calles, and the Maximato; challenges; assessment of their impact in the post- revolutionary state Obregon: * Mexican president from 1920 to 1924. Obregon was assassinated in 1928 before he won the reelection his second presidential term. Calles: * Calles held power indirectly through 3 presidents which were his â€Å"puppets†. They were Emilio Portes Gil, Pascual Ortiz Rubio, and Abelardo Rodriguez.Calles plays an important role after the revolution since, because of him, there was a constitutional change that allowed non-consecutive reelection within Mexico. In 1926, Calles also made an anticlerical legislation by reforming the penal code, this law outlawed religious orders. Some Mexican states such as Jalisco, Zacatecas, Guanajuato, Colima, and Michoacan, strongly opposed the idea of this law ultimately leading to the Cristero war. The impact of Calles was very negative on Mexico, because it plunged Mexico into another war. Maximato: A time period of 1928-1935 in which Mexico was led by Plutarco Elias Calles, who is also known as el Jefe Maximo (the supreme leader)4. Lazaro Cardenas and the renewal of the revolution (1939-40): aims, methods, and achievements * Lazaro Cardenas was the president from 1934-1940, quite a few years after the 1920 end to the Mexican revolution. He distributed land, made loans available to peasants, organized workers’ and peasants’ confederations, and expropriated and nationalized foreign-owned industries. One of his successes was the six year plan, continuing the spirit of the Mexican Revolution.Cardenas reorganized and purged the party of Calles' influence. These actions focused on the three pillars of his party, labor, peasantry, and the army. One of his methods included reassessing the Indian cultural heritage, pushing the greatness of old Indian arts and the reevaluation of the Aztec culture which emphasized their influence on modern culture and increased nationalism. Another success of Cardenas included Tienda de Raya. This was a system in which workers on large landholders' land w ould be paid in vouchers or tokens that were only redeemable at the stores belonging to the landholders. Any debt created by one worker would be passed to his children if he was unable to pay it, this created a system where debt would continue to move through the generations until fully paid.5. The role of foreign powers (especially the United States) in the outbreak and development of the Mexican Revolution; motivations, methods of intervention and contributions * Before the war, the United States decided that they would aid civil authorities in enforcing neutrality laws. The United States distinguished themselves and made Mexico aware of their actions in light of war and assistance.Jacob Dickinson, secretary of war for the US authorized American Military to warn Mexican militaries about actions that would be taken if American lives and properties were threatened. This action made it clear to Mexico that the US would only intervene under these circumstances. Wilson’s goal of intervention was to get the constitutionals, including Carranza, into power so that he could attempt to control the party. Wilson desired for Mexico to be educated in liberal and constitutional lines. During the revolution the largest involvements of the US and Mexico was the Tampico affair and the storm of Veracruz.Woodrow Wilson sought to influence the conflict by controlling the flow of foreign military supplies to Mexico through its primary port, Veracruz. Wilson intended to weaken the government of Huerta by seizing and blockading Veracruz. This would weaken Huerta as Veracruz was the most important port for arms coming in to Mexico. With Americans controlling the port city Wilson could limit the Mexican Army's access to military supplies and could ultimately dictate the flow of arms to the next government of Mexico.By getting involved in both the Tampico affair and storm of Veracruz, Wilson was announcing to Mexico and the revolutionary leaders who he supported and didnâ€⠄¢t. Other than these two physical involvements, the US aided several leaders by providing Madero with a safe haven, and several other leaders with arms to overthrow some leaders while supporting the rise of others. Wilson tried to eliminate the problem of Villa in an attempt to satisfy outraged Americans after a Villista raid on Columbus, New Mexico. The United States officially acknowledged the new Mexican government when Carranza came to terms on March 11.6. Impact of the revolution of the arts, education and music (suitable examples could be Siquerios, Rivera, Orozco); the impact of Vasconcelos’ educational reforms; the development of popular music; literary works on the revolution * Jose David Alfaro Siqueiros (1896-1974)- A Mexican social realist painter who is known for his large murals in fresco. These murals helped build the post-revolutionary Mexican renaissance. Siqueiros as a person historically, participated in the assassination attempt to Leon Trotsky.Diego Rive ra (1886-1957) – A very well-known Mexican painter whose works are displayed from New York City, to Mexico City, and all the way to Buenos Aires. He was married to another famous Mexican artist, Frida Kahlo. Rivera's radical political beliefs, his attacks on the church and clergy, as well as his dealings with Trotskyists and left-wing assassins made him a controversial figure throughout Mexico. * Jose Clemente Orozco (1883-1949) – Mexican social realist painter who specialized in bold murals. Orozco was the most complex of the Mexican muralists.He was very fond of the theme of human suffering, being less realistic in his works. He was also more fascinated by machines than Rivera. He promoted the political causes of peasants and workers, similar to the ideals of Zapata. * Frida Kahlo (1907-1954) – Mexican artist known for her great self-portraits, she is remembered for the passion and pain, their vibrant colors. As communists, Frida Kahlo and Diego Rivera were ac tive communists and were friends with Leon Trotsky as he sought political asylum in Mexico from Joseph Stalin's regime in the Soviet Union during the late 1930s.It is important to note that the artistic movement began in Mexico around the 1930s. The artist movement following the revolution stands out historically because of its political undertones, the majority being of a Marxist nature. Many pieces of artwork from the time period are related to the social and political situation of post-revolutionary Mexico. * Jose Vasconcelos (1882-1959) – Vasconcelos was a Mexican writer, philosopher, and politician. He worked as Secretary of Education under Alvaro Obregon. He is one of the most influential and controversial personalities in the development of modern Mexico.Vasconcelos started the Mexican mural movement that allowed famous Mexican artists to paint on the walls of the most important Mexican buildings. â€Å"El pueblo a la universidad, la universidad al pueblo† †“ It’s a mural painted by Jose David Alfaro Siqueiros that represented the people from rural areas were going into school as a result of Vasconcelos’ educational reforms. i. He is a controversial figure in Mexico, he denounced democracy and supported the ideas of race and power. Supportive of both Madero and Villa during the revolution, he was responsible for initiating major reforms in the Mexican school system. Manuel Ponce – Mexican composer active throughout the 20th century.Ponce connected the concert scene with a forgotten tradition of popular song and Mexican folklore. Many of his compositions are strongly influenced by the harmonies and form of traditional songs. He was able to revive the idea of traditional songs and music. La Cucaracha (The cockroach) – Mexican folklore corrido whose origins are unclear but some argue it began during the revolution and became popular after it ended. Some verses were changed and it said that revenge was wanted for Madero’s death. Carlos Chavez- Mexican composer, music theorist, and founder and director of the Mexican Symphonic Orchestra. Chavez’s music was influenced by many native Mexican cultures such as the Yaqui. After the Mexican revolution and the democratic election of President Alvaro Obregon, he was well known for using Aztec themes in his music.Key People (10) 1. Porfirio Diaz * Was the leader of Mexico from 1876 to 1910. Diaz came from a military background, with an Indian history. He governed with the Pan o Palo policy, a policy where Mexican citizens were threatened with the ability to eat or be beaten.The policy won Diaz the support of the church and wealthy landowners. By instilling fear into Mexican citizens Diaz was able to remain in control. His rurales tried to suppress peasants and their revolts during his reign. Diaz was known to use the spoil system, awarding and promoting unqualified people for his own personal gain. He struggled with finding a way to modernize Mexico and how to boost the economy without foreign investment. Diaz was ultimately overthrown in 1910 with the opposition of Madero, and went into exile in 1911. 2. Francisco Madero Madero opposed the dictatorship of Diaz and was pro-democracy. He wrote and published â€Å"The Presidential Succession of 1910† in hopes that Diaz would stick to his word and allow for a democratic leader to take charge of Mexico. His democratic ideologies were reflected in his non-reelection campaigns and his desire to enact political change. He came from an upper-class family, possibly one of the reasons he wasn’t so focused on social conflict in Mexico at the time. His anti-reelection clubs landed him in jail by Diaz, which led to his escape to Texas.This is where Madero planned San Luis Potosi , ultimately calling for the election of 1910 declared void and Diaz to be officially overthrown. Madero assumes power in 1911 by constitutional presidency. Madero used his educational background to spark the revolution, using his knowledge to his advantage. His revolutionary ideals, however, were unsuccessful as he was focused on power instead of pleasing the people. It is also important to know that Madero lacked support of rural leaders, specifically the support of Zapata who was a leader focused on social change.3. Pancho Villa Villa’s aims were based upon convenience as he was a revolutionary leader that tagged alongside those in power at the time. He was well known for using guerilla tactics and primarily advocating for the poor and supporting the idea of agrarian reform. He was an unstable leader as he was one who sought action and crime. He was eventually murdered on July 20, 1923.4. Emiliano Zapata * Zapata fought a primarily defensive war. He held non-political methods and ideologies, fighting for a non-violent diplomacy. In that, his main goals were social and agrarian reforms. This is seen as he formed the Ayala plan and spent his time supporti ng this plan. It revolved around the Mexican land and returning it to rightful land owners. Zapata was focused on controlling small farms and redistributing land in the South rather than focused on power in the North.5. Venustiano Carranza * Carranza became president of Mexico after the overthrow of Huerta in 1914. His success in the revolution was because of his ability to portray himself as wise leader with a hope for peace. Carranza was a supporter of Madero, following his no reelection movement in 1910.Madero named him commander in chief in the revolution of Coahuila and Tamaulipas. Carranza believed that the Plan of San Luis Potosi, originally created by Madero, was inaccurate as the social reform would be nearly impossible to achieve. He then created the Plan of Guadalupe. This plan promised to restore the 1857 Constitution of Mexico without the promised social reforms. The plans then lead to the introduction of Obregon, as he would be the one to create the army for Carranza t o lead. Carranza was an ambitious leader, allowing him to be more successful in the revolution than those who relied strictly on arms.6. Alvaro Obregon Obregon supported Carranza in the overthrowing of Huerta, which led to Carranza becoming president. In 1920, Obregon started a revolt against Carranza and Carranza was assassinated. Obregon became the president. His presidency is known as the first stable presidency since the revolution began in 1910. He made education reform, land reform, and made labor laws, for example.7. Victoriano Huerta * Madero sent Huerta to stop Orozco’s revolt. After defeating Orozco, he returned to Mexico with a hero’s welcome. Huerta was promoted to Commander in Chief. Madero put Huerta in charge to stop the coup started by a U. S. ambassador.Madero successfully stopped the attempted coup and when he returned, he gained a lot of power and made Madero resign from the presidency. Huerta becomes president on February 19, 1913. In 1913, Carranza leads a rebellion against Huerta, because all the revolutionary leaders are against Huerta except for Orozco. * In 1914, the U. S. turns against Huerta after he killed a senator. * Huerta tried to unite Mexico under a common hatred for America, but inevitably failed. * He realizes that he cannot win after the US storms Vera Cruz after the Tampico affair, Huerta resigns on July 15, 1914 and Carranza becomes president.8. Pascual Orozco * Orozco supported Madero, because he wanted to remove Diaz from power. He grew to dislike Madero because of Madero’s lack of reforms and because Madero did not give Orozco a position in the cabinet or a state governorship. Orozco resigned, but Madero did not accept it until he turned down the governorship of Chihuahua. On March 3, 1912, Orozco declared that he was rebelling against Madero. Orozco was defeating Madero’s army, so Madero sent Huerta to stop Orozco, which he accomplished by August. Orozco fled to the U. S. ut later returned to partner with Huerta when Huerta became the president. After the fall of Huerta, Orozco returned to the U. S. , where he was shot and killed on August 30, 1915.9. Benito Juarez * Juarez was a lawyer who was the president of Mexico for 5 terms. His death led to the beginning of the Porfiriato regime of Diaz. 1806-1872 10. Lazaro Cardenas * Cardenas was the president of Mexico from 1934 to 1940. He was a very revolutionary president. He arrested Calles and some of Calles’ associates for their persecution of the church that led to the Cristero War.He used the National Revolutionary Party’s six-year plan of social and political reform. His programs built schools and roads, promoted education, and included land reform. After his presidency Cardenas continued to have power through puppet-like men that he controlled who became president.Key Events (7)1. Presidential Succession of 1910 * This was a book written and published by Madero. Its purpose was to call for the current president, Diaz, to step down from power and allow free elections. It ultimately helped Madero gain power during the revolution.2. Plan of Ayala * November 25, 1911 The plan of Ayala was created by Zapata and enacted on November 25, 1911. It was a plan that called for agrarian reform, the basis of Zapata’s revolution and the reason why he is an important leader in the revolution. The plan sets Zapata, as a leader, apart from the others as it shows Zapata’s ideals of social reform through agriculture rather than the fight for political power.3. Plan of Guadalupe * February 24, 1913 The plan of Guadalupe was established by Carranza in 1913. It focused around political power, calling for the transfer of power in Mexico and improving conditions for the poor.It came as a result of Huerta’s overthrow of Madero, with Carranza believing that Huerta’s rise to power was illegitimate. The plan rejected Huerta's government and focused on a continuation of Madero's p olicies. It was recognized by leaders such as Villa, Zapata, and Obregon. It was one of the three most important documents within the Mexican revolution. The plan gathered Villa, Zapata, and Orozco to help Carranza in the overthrow of Huerta in July 1914. * Carranza calling for the overthrow of Huerta and restoration of the constitution of 1857 (limiting the church’s power)4.Tampico Affair * Led to storm of Veracruz * April 9, 1914 * A battle was taking place in Tampico when a U. S. ship landed there. The federal authorities of Mexico arrested all the Americans to protect them from the fighting. The American general was outraged by their treatment and demanded an apology with a 21 gun salute. The federals refused to grant his request of a 21 gun salute, further angering the Americans. The U. S. placed an embargo on armament shipment to the federal authorities of Mexico as a result of the affair. The Tampico affair ultimately leads to the storm of Vera Cruz.The U. S. invaded V era Cruz instead of Tampico because U. S. businesses had oil refineries in Tampico and they did not want to disturb oil production, illustrating the expanse of U. S. industry in Mexico.5. Treaty of Ciudad Juarez * May 21, 1911 * The treaty of Ciudad Juarez stated that Diaz had to resign by the end of 1911, the interim president would be Francisco de la Barra, and that De la Barra is in charge of holding free elections. It is an important document as it ends Diaz’s reign and allows for the beginning of Madero’s power.The treaty left all of Diaz’s political leaders and institutions in place, making it hard to rid the system of Diaz and his way of running Mexico. 6. Obregon offers amnesty to Villas army: December 1915 * Obregon offered amnesty to all the Villistas, the soldiers in Villa’s army. The amnesty was only not offered to high-ranking officials and Villa himself. This event gave Villa’s soldiers a way out of the war after fighting for five yea rs. Villa’s army was severely reduced and he was forced to retreat to the hills of Chihuahua.7. Convencion de Aguascarlientes of 1914 This was a constitutional convention that raised issues between the central leaders, bringing forth their differences once again. Obregon attends the meeting while the other leaders are absent. It is here that the Plan of Ayala gets its first support, it is voted on to dismiss Carranza from office, and sparks a string of events surrounding Villa and Carranza. Villa then enters the US and makes an attack, in which the US retaliates by sending troops into America trying to capture Villa. Carranza at this point was being supported by the US and was defending the interests of the upper class citizens of Mexico.Key Dates (7)1.Resignation of Diaz * May 25, 1911 The resignation of Diaz ended an era of dictatorship and sparked the revolution as multiple leaders had conflicting ideas on what was best for Mexico and what were the best ways of achieving t hese goals. Diaz’s resignation led to Madero’s assumption of power and ultimately the beginning of the Mexican revolution.2. Meeting of Zapata and Villa * December 4, 1911 Zapata and Villa met for the first time in the presidential palace on December 4, 1911. At this meeting the two leaders agreed that they did not want the presidency, the power over Mexico,3. Storm of Veracruz * April 21, 1914Within this incident there were over 200 Mexicans dead, 300 wounded and 19 American dead and 47 wounded. These numbers showed the United States’ superiority in numbers, technology, and strategy at the time. The United States stormed Veracruz in light of Tampico affair after not receiving a 21 gun salute after the arrests in Tampico. They stormed Veracruz because they did not want to invade Tampico because America had oil refineries in Tampico. It is also one of the main ports in which Huerta was receiving arms, if the US could control that port they could show dominance in support of Carranza and against Huerta.4.Madero wins presidential election * November 6, 1911 This is revolutionary as Madero has successfully overtaken Porfirio Diaz. Madero’s reign was to be short as he made several mistakes as he assumed power. The biggest mistake that Madero made was not officially taking over for a couple of months, this allowed Diaz’s supporters and leaders to down talk Madero and undermine his authority to the citizens of Mexico.5. Murdering of Madero * February 22, 1913 * The U. S. ambassador stages a coup led by Diaz’s nephew, but the coup is not supported by the U. S. government. Madero puts Huerta in charge of stopping the coup. Huerta stops the attempted coup, but returns and makes Madero resign as he gains power. Madero believes Huerta will let him resign peacefully. However, Huerta kills Madero’s brothers and then kills Madero. Madero becomes a revolutionary martyr and killing Madero alienates international opinion * Huerta gains power6. Carranza becomes president * August 20, 1914 * Carranza led a rebellion against Huerta. Combined with Carranza’s rebellion and the U. S. invasion of Sera Cruz, Huerta’s power was drained. Huerta resigned and Carranza became the president.7. Zapata is murdered * April 10, 1919 * By a group organized by Carranza . 1920: Obregon with the help of Zapatistas, Villistas, and other revolutionaries overthrow and kill Carranza.Obregon becomes president Quotations (2)1. â€Å"A dog with a bone neither kills nor steals† –Porfirio Diaz2. â€Å"It is better to die on your feet than to live on your knees†-Emiliano Zapata   * This quotation is an important one when dealing with the Revolution. It characterizes Zapata as one of the revolutionary leaders quite nicely. This is because Zapata was the leader that stood strong, and fought enthusiastically, for what he believed in; he fought hard for agrarian reform in the South of Mexico.It is a good r eflection of how he would rather stand up for what he believed in than to subject himself to something that’s not as worthy. Two Historians: Michael C. Meyer- The Course of Mexican History| * â€Å"They neither were not just traditional organized armies nor were they simply peasant mobs. †Meyer focuses on the uniqueness of the rebel armies and how the uniqueness of the armies led to internal migration and mixing of languages, as well as giving more power to the people.Meyer says, â€Å"since the base of power was shifting to new hands the future for the masses seemed auspicious and this hope stems into later generations. | Frank Mclynn- Villa and Zapata: A History of the Mexican Revolution| * Mclynn claims that â€Å"Capitalism took a stronger hold on Mexico because of the revolution. †In this quotation Mclynn says there are three main strands of the revolution. First, the improvement of capitalism leading to a rise in industrial bourgeoisie. Second, the moveme nt of peasants leading to demands for ancestral lands. Third, the alliance of persons from the North with different occupations led to increased capitalism. | Past Test Questions (10)To what extent did foreign intervention prolong the Mexican Revolution? 2003)â€Å"Technology is a new type of imperialism. † Discuss this statement with reference to the impact of technology upon at least one country in the Americas during the twentieth century. (2003)â€Å"By the end of the 1920s the original objectives of the Mexican Revolution had been abandoned. † To what extent do you agree with this judgment? (2005)Examine the major stages of the Mexican Revolution (1910-20) and explain the programmes of three of the most important leaders. (2006)Analyse the causes of the Great Depression in one country in the Americas. 2006)Compare and contrast the treatment of indigenous peoples in two countries of the region in the eighteenth century. (2005)Analyse the main features and impact of one cultural or one intellectual development in theAmericas in the period from 1850 to 1919. (2005)For what reasons, and with what results, did railroads develop in one country of the region between 1860 and 1929? Support your answers with examples. (2008)How did Malcolm X and the Black Panthers affect the goals of the Civil Rights Movement?Outline: Examine the major stages of the Mexican Revolution (1910-20) and explain the programmes of three of the most important leaders. (2006) The course of the Mexican Revolution from 1910-1920 is complicated amongst its many leaders and quite frequent shifts in power. With leaders fighting over power of the same country, they each individually had different ideals and tactics. The separation in goals for Mexico, and a lack of Mexican citizen involvement, ultimately determined the temporary leader of Mexico until another one was able to come to power throughout the war.The Mexican Revolution follows a transfer of power from major leaders as Di az to Madero, Madero to Huerta, Huerta to Carranza, and finally Carranza to Obregon. Diaz to Madero * Presidential Succession of 1910 (importance) Madero to Huerta * Couldn’t switch land issues and keep social order * Lacked army support * 1913 Coups- Huerta gains control of army and kills Madero Huerta to Carranza * US involvement * Tampico Affair and Vera Cruz * Embargo on arms shipments * US did not like HuertaThe programmes of the three most important leaders were Madero’s Presidential Succession of 1910, Zapata’s Plan of Ayala, and finally Carranza’s Plan of Guadalupe. Each of these three plans reflected the leader and their primary ideas for Mexico. While Zapata stood by his Plan of Ayala throughout the entire revolution, the Presidential Succession of 1910 only provided a short amount of support for Madero, and the Plan of Guadalupe was successful for Carranza as it was focused on by more than just one leader, as well as it provided a common elemen t in overthrowing Huerta.Presidential Succesion 1910 Madero * Book, well read in Mexico * Called for Diaz to step down and for free elections * Was the first major event in the Mexican Revolution as it was the first widely supported anti-Diaz campaign. Plan of Ayala * Supported by citizens * Mainly in the South * Zapata- Agrarian reform * Appeals to the people * Stood by it throughout the war (Central idea for Zapata) Plan of Guadalupe Carranza February, 1913 * political power, calling for the transfer of power in Mexico. * result of Huerta’s overthrow of Madero. * rejected Huerta's government and focused on a continuation of Madero's policies.It was recognized by leaders such as Villa, Zapata, and Obregon. * It was one of the three most important documents within the Mexican revolution. * The plan gathered Villa, Zapata, and Orozco to help Carranza in the overthrow of Huerta in July These three plans were major events during the course of the Mexican Revolution. They aided t he leaders in their goals for Mexico during a time of controversy and power differences. As one leader lost power, another would quickly gain it. Sometimes working together, and sometimes against, the leaders of the revolution followed a pattern of overthrowing , followed by the assumption of power.

The Ancient Roman Civilization - 1316 Words

The Ancient Roman civilization was a remarkable society noted in history, it was led by countless great leaders that sustained the great civilization for ages. The Romans encountered many wars and battles, they didn’t win all of their battles; however, they’ve learned through their failures to improve upon the progress of their society. In 264 BC to 146 BC the Romans were involved in a prolonged war with the Carthaginians, known as the Punic War. (Chris Scarre, 24-25) The word Punic comes from the Latin derivation of the word Punicus which translates to Carthaginian, referring to the Carthaginian’s Phoenician ancestors. (Keith Sidwell, 16) The Punic war was broken into 3 parts: The first Punic war (264-241 B.C.), the second Punic war (218-201 B.C.), and the third Punic war (149-146 B.C.) Wars around this era wasn’t based on ideals, it was strictly for territory. The Romans fought for control over the lands all throughout Europe, North Africa, and parts of Middle East. Around this time the Carthaginians were the biggest threat to the Romans. It wasn’t only because they had land, but also the competitions of trade/economic stand point. This was the final spark for the Romans to part-take in the destruction of Cartage Civilization at the end of the third Punic war. The Romans managed to win the wars of the Punic war. One would suspect that the Ancient Roman Civilization would prosper from the victories from wars. However, in reality the Punic war deemed to be more costly toShow MoreRelatedAncient Greece And Roman Civilizations790 Words   |  4 PagesThousands of years ago, the ancient Greek society would practice beliefs and traditions that would lead to the development of advanced civilizations. It started as the Greeks beliefs which would help develop the Roman society, which would later lead to contributing to the development of the Byzantine Empire. 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